1. How did the United States raise an army?Men were required to register with the government under the Selective Service Act in May 1917 and they were randomly selected for the army. There was an eight month training period where the men were put in 17-hour days on target practice, bayonet drill, kitchen duty, and cleaning. Soldiers often drilled with fake weapons since there was a shortage. Also the U.S. had to find a way to transport men, food, and equipment over the ocean. This led to a great demand of U.S. warships.
2. How did U.S. soldiers help win the war?
They were excited about the war, so they boosted the morale of the allied forces.
3. What were the estimated economic costs of the war?
338 Billion$
4. What did the war cost in terms of the number of civilian deaths; military deaths?; injuries?; and refugees?There were 22 million deaths, more than half of them civilians. Also 20 million people were wounded. 10 million more became refugees.
5. Define armistice-a truce
Thursday, December 3, 2009
Tuesday, December 1, 2009
World War I Begins
1. What are the four main causes of World War I? Give an example for each as to why it was a cause.
Militarism, world powers spent more money on the mililtary in case of war.
Alliances,All the European powers fought for one sidde or the other and it caused a chainreaction so war broke out over Europe.
Imperialism, nations wanted more land so war broke out
Nationalism, each race wanted there own nation
2. How did the June 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand become the spark for WWI? Because the man who killed the Archduke was Siberian and HUngary wanted to go to war with them because they had a good geographical location.
3. What happened within the first few months of fighting?The Alliance System caused all the European powers to join the fight
4. Generally, why did the United States want to stay out of the war? The war didn't threaten the US
5. Specifically, Why did the following groups of Americans tend to oppose U.S. participation in the war? Naturalized citizens; socialists; pacifists; parents.
Naturalized Citizens had different loyalties depending on their land of desccent. Socialists saw it as an imperialist's war, pacifist were against all types of war, parents do not want their children to be killed.
6. How did Germany respond to the British naval blockade of Germany’s ports? What was the U.S. response?
Germany Sunk any Allied boats it found, and in one instance killed innocent Americans. The US did nothing.
7. What forced the United States into the war? It saw that Germany was gaining to much power.
Militarism, world powers spent more money on the mililtary in case of war.
Alliances,All the European powers fought for one sidde or the other and it caused a chainreaction so war broke out over Europe.
Imperialism, nations wanted more land so war broke out
Nationalism, each race wanted there own nation
2. How did the June 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand become the spark for WWI? Because the man who killed the Archduke was Siberian and HUngary wanted to go to war with them because they had a good geographical location.
3. What happened within the first few months of fighting?The Alliance System caused all the European powers to join the fight
4. Generally, why did the United States want to stay out of the war? The war didn't threaten the US
5. Specifically, Why did the following groups of Americans tend to oppose U.S. participation in the war? Naturalized citizens; socialists; pacifists; parents.
Naturalized Citizens had different loyalties depending on their land of desccent. Socialists saw it as an imperialist's war, pacifist were against all types of war, parents do not want their children to be killed.
6. How did Germany respond to the British naval blockade of Germany’s ports? What was the U.S. response?
Germany Sunk any Allied boats it found, and in one instance killed innocent Americans. The US did nothing.
7. What forced the United States into the war? It saw that Germany was gaining to much power.
Monday, November 2, 2009
Imperialsim: The Origins of Global Power
Questions for Introduction and Part I - The Origins of a Global Power
1. Why did American plantation owners and U.S. Marines topple Hawaii’s queen in 1893? Why was Hawaii considered to be a valuable prize? What was President Grover Cleveland’s reaction? Do you agree or disagree with his quote on page 1?
1.) Because they favored bringing the islands officially under U.S. control.
2.) He is sincerely apologetic upon hearing of the rude take over and says that they plan to make all possible reparations.
3.) I agreed in that it was wrong for the U.S. to take over like that, but Cleveland also says that it's the U.S.'s right to help, which isn't true. It is only our right if they ask for help.
2. Identify five important changes that transformed American in the nineteenth century. How did these five changes affect Americans?-Population growth, economic expansion, expanded networking, industry boom.
- Population helped with the industrial boom as well as economic expansion because of all the new and available workers out there; while expanded networking (meaning they were broadening their horizon (meaning they had more property world wide) led to a bigger name for the U.S.
3. How did the economic depression that began in 1893 deepen the divisions in American society? Which groups suffered the most during the depression?
Beacuse it made people begin to realize that the whole nation was bankrupt pretty much, and all thes imigarants were just making it worse, which made people angry at this now expanding nation. The people who held shares in the stock market and those who were terribly poor were affected the most because they had no mney to spend now, beacause things were so expensive
4. What were the values many Americans attached to the frontier? Why did many Americans fear that the closing of the frontier would harm America’s national character?
-Soulfulness, bravery, pragmatism, ingenuity, individualism, egalitarianism, and partotism.
- Because it was American "character" or in other words, it's right to move west (Manefest Destiny)
5. Why did some Americans suggest greater involvement overseas?Because they were interested in trade routes.
6. What policy did expansionists say would ensure the economic success of the United States? What did imperialists say?If they took over islands like Hawaii and Cuba because they would provide resources that couldn't be grown in America like pineapple and sugar. they were also good navy outposts.
7. How did the theories of social Darwinism and scientific racism lend support to the cause of American imperialism? How were these pseudo-scientific theories used to justify racist policies and imperialism? Are they still used today? Because the Americans considered themselves better thtn the Filipinos, therefore they deserved to rule over the filipinos.
8. What did many Protestant churches say was America’s role in the world? To tkae over whatever we wnated because that was god's plan for America.
9. Why did the United States become involved in several Latin American nations in the nineteenth century? Summarize why the United States became involved in Samoa, Hawaii, and other Latin American nations. becasue America believed they were incapable of ruling over those lands, also other imperialist nations were choosing to go after those islands, so America realized they would be very beneficial to America in a number of ways if they could get a hold of them.
10. Why was the United States concerned about British involvement in Venezuela? What concept did U.S. Secretary of State Richard Olney invoke in response? It was on the bordee of a britsih colony that had lots of gold. Olney said that it was no longer the responisblity of Britain to rule over latin America but America.
1. Why did American plantation owners and U.S. Marines topple Hawaii’s queen in 1893? Why was Hawaii considered to be a valuable prize? What was President Grover Cleveland’s reaction? Do you agree or disagree with his quote on page 1?
1.) Because they favored bringing the islands officially under U.S. control.
2.) He is sincerely apologetic upon hearing of the rude take over and says that they plan to make all possible reparations.
3.) I agreed in that it was wrong for the U.S. to take over like that, but Cleveland also says that it's the U.S.'s right to help, which isn't true. It is only our right if they ask for help.
2. Identify five important changes that transformed American in the nineteenth century. How did these five changes affect Americans?-Population growth, economic expansion, expanded networking, industry boom.
- Population helped with the industrial boom as well as economic expansion because of all the new and available workers out there; while expanded networking (meaning they were broadening their horizon (meaning they had more property world wide) led to a bigger name for the U.S.
3. How did the economic depression that began in 1893 deepen the divisions in American society? Which groups suffered the most during the depression?
Beacuse it made people begin to realize that the whole nation was bankrupt pretty much, and all thes imigarants were just making it worse, which made people angry at this now expanding nation. The people who held shares in the stock market and those who were terribly poor were affected the most because they had no mney to spend now, beacause things were so expensive
4. What were the values many Americans attached to the frontier? Why did many Americans fear that the closing of the frontier would harm America’s national character?
-Soulfulness, bravery, pragmatism, ingenuity, individualism, egalitarianism, and partotism.
- Because it was American "character" or in other words, it's right to move west (Manefest Destiny)
5. Why did some Americans suggest greater involvement overseas?Because they were interested in trade routes.
6. What policy did expansionists say would ensure the economic success of the United States? What did imperialists say?If they took over islands like Hawaii and Cuba because they would provide resources that couldn't be grown in America like pineapple and sugar. they were also good navy outposts.
7. How did the theories of social Darwinism and scientific racism lend support to the cause of American imperialism? How were these pseudo-scientific theories used to justify racist policies and imperialism? Are they still used today? Because the Americans considered themselves better thtn the Filipinos, therefore they deserved to rule over the filipinos.
8. What did many Protestant churches say was America’s role in the world? To tkae over whatever we wnated because that was god's plan for America.
9. Why did the United States become involved in several Latin American nations in the nineteenth century? Summarize why the United States became involved in Samoa, Hawaii, and other Latin American nations. becasue America believed they were incapable of ruling over those lands, also other imperialist nations were choosing to go after those islands, so America realized they would be very beneficial to America in a number of ways if they could get a hold of them.
10. Why was the United States concerned about British involvement in Venezuela? What concept did U.S. Secretary of State Richard Olney invoke in response? It was on the bordee of a britsih colony that had lots of gold. Olney said that it was no longer the responisblity of Britain to rule over latin America but America.
Spansih American War(1898)
Causes: How did each of the following help to cause the outbreak of the Spanish-American War?
1. American business owners- owned land on Hawaii, and were interested in cuba.
2. José Martí-started a revolution
3. Valeriano Weyler-responsible for Cuban concentrtion camps
4. Yellow journalism-made readers angry because it exaggerated bad events to make them even worse.
5. De Lôme letter-A letter written to the presdient expressing angry feelings, and then read to the public and exaggerated through yellow journalism.
6. U.S.S. Maine- a ship belonging to the US which blew up due to engine pressure, but this was blamed on the spanish who were thought to have sabotaged the ship.
Effects: What happened to each of the following territories as a result of the Spanish-American War?
7. Cuba-taken by US
8. Puerto Rico
9. Guam
10. Philippine Islands-there werea lot of revolts led aginst the US, but the US took it over.
1. American business owners- owned land on Hawaii, and were interested in cuba.
2. José Martí-started a revolution
3. Valeriano Weyler-responsible for Cuban concentrtion camps
4. Yellow journalism-made readers angry because it exaggerated bad events to make them even worse.
5. De Lôme letter-A letter written to the presdient expressing angry feelings, and then read to the public and exaggerated through yellow journalism.
6. U.S.S. Maine- a ship belonging to the US which blew up due to engine pressure, but this was blamed on the spanish who were thought to have sabotaged the ship.
Effects: What happened to each of the following territories as a result of the Spanish-American War?
7. Cuba-taken by US
8. Puerto Rico
9. Guam
10. Philippine Islands-there werea lot of revolts led aginst the US, but the US took it over.
U.S. Imperialsim Begins
1. Name at least five factors that fueled American Imperialism.
global competition, desire for military strength, want for new markets, belief in cultural superirity, desire for american colonization elsewhere
2. Choose two of the above five factors and describe them in your own words.
Global Competition: different countries were constantly competing for land
Desire for Military Strength: whomever controlled Hawaii pretty much controlled the entire Pacific Ocean because it was in the middle of the ocean.
3. What was known as “Seward’s Folly” and why?
America's purchase of Alaska from Russia was known as Seward's folly because Alaska was believed to have no vvaluable resources.
4. What plantation-based product accounted for three-quarters of Hawaii’s wealth in the mid-19th century and who controlled this product?
Sugar cane. Most American business owners had a monopoly on sugar
6. Using as much detail as possible, outline the sequence of events that led to America gaining possession of Hawaii? In other words, why was the United States interested in these Pacific islands?
They wanted the Pacific Islands because, when it came to navy, the country that owned Hawaii would control the entire Pacific Ocean; or so they thought. Hawaii was in the very center of the Pacific, inception communications between the many countries' colonies. Plus trading would be easier for America because it was in the middle.
global competition, desire for military strength, want for new markets, belief in cultural superirity, desire for american colonization elsewhere
2. Choose two of the above five factors and describe them in your own words.
Global Competition: different countries were constantly competing for land
Desire for Military Strength: whomever controlled Hawaii pretty much controlled the entire Pacific Ocean because it was in the middle of the ocean.
3. What was known as “Seward’s Folly” and why?
America's purchase of Alaska from Russia was known as Seward's folly because Alaska was believed to have no vvaluable resources.
4. What plantation-based product accounted for three-quarters of Hawaii’s wealth in the mid-19th century and who controlled this product?
Sugar cane. Most American business owners had a monopoly on sugar
6. Using as much detail as possible, outline the sequence of events that led to America gaining possession of Hawaii? In other words, why was the United States interested in these Pacific islands?
They wanted the Pacific Islands because, when it came to navy, the country that owned Hawaii would control the entire Pacific Ocean; or so they thought. Hawaii was in the very center of the Pacific, inception communications between the many countries' colonies. Plus trading would be easier for America because it was in the middle.
Friday, October 16, 2009
Child Labor Reform Photographs
Photograph A-In photograph A, there is a girl standing in some clothes that look old, dirty, and a bit to big for her. she is stahding next to a really big spinner, and looks quite tired and filthy.
Photograph B-In photograph B there are five girls standing next to each other. three of them are sort of smiling, but they don't look very happy. The other two look angry. the one in the middle is looking directly at the camera giving it a sour look. the one on the right of the girl in the middle has bags under her eyes which probably means that she works for long hours. All of their clothes are dirty looking.
Photograph C-In photograph c a young girl is standing in an aisle between to looms. she looks very young; maybe seven or eight. she has a grim look on her face, and her arms are stiffly at her side. the floor of the room is dirty, and a lot of cotton is on the floor, which was probably not very good to breath in.
Photograph D-in photograph D a young boy is standing by a lampost selling newspapers to passerby. The people passing by look a bit like they are ignoring him. he has a hopeful/sad look on his face. he appears to be by a train station. also it is snowing outside, and the boy probably had to work all day.
Photograph E-in photograph many young boys in winter jackets and hats sitting down and sifting through some coal. there are two men standing up holding an iron bar that was used to "prod them in to obedience." the picture has some gray dust in it, which was the coal in the air and we are told by hine that the dust penetrated the utmost recesses of the boys lungs.
Photograph F- in photograph f there are many boys standing in a glass shop. there are a lot of pipes in the background.
Photograph G
Photograph H
Photograph B-In photograph B there are five girls standing next to each other. three of them are sort of smiling, but they don't look very happy. The other two look angry. the one in the middle is looking directly at the camera giving it a sour look. the one on the right of the girl in the middle has bags under her eyes which probably means that she works for long hours. All of their clothes are dirty looking.
Photograph C-In photograph c a young girl is standing in an aisle between to looms. she looks very young; maybe seven or eight. she has a grim look on her face, and her arms are stiffly at her side. the floor of the room is dirty, and a lot of cotton is on the floor, which was probably not very good to breath in.
Photograph D-in photograph D a young boy is standing by a lampost selling newspapers to passerby. The people passing by look a bit like they are ignoring him. he has a hopeful/sad look on his face. he appears to be by a train station. also it is snowing outside, and the boy probably had to work all day.
Photograph E-in photograph many young boys in winter jackets and hats sitting down and sifting through some coal. there are two men standing up holding an iron bar that was used to "prod them in to obedience." the picture has some gray dust in it, which was the coal in the air and we are told by hine that the dust penetrated the utmost recesses of the boys lungs.
Photograph F- in photograph f there are many boys standing in a glass shop. there are a lot of pipes in the background.
Photograph G
Photograph H
Tuesday, September 29, 2009
Immigration
1. Describe the causes of the immigration of Southern and Eastern Europeans, Chinese, Koreans, and Japanese to America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Some immigrants came to America to get escape hunger, land shortages, and religious and political persecution. Some came to earn money and then go back to their homeland. Most Europeans came to get away from religious persecution. There weren't many occupations available Europe, and so they came to America where there were more opportunities. Many Chinese and Japanese people came to America because they were interested in the gold rush.
2. Describe the journey immigrants endured and their experiences at United States immigration stations.
Most immigrants traveled in steamship, which had poor conditions. They were piled together and couldn't get fresh air. Because of the close quarters between the passengers and the poor hygiene, there were diseases and many passengers died before reaching America.
All of the immigrants had to pass many inspections before being allowed to enter the United States.
At Ellis Island in New York: First they were examined by a doctor. If they had a serious health condition, they were not allowed in. Then the immigrants were inspected by a government inspector who examined their documents. The immigrants had to prove they had never been been convicted of a felony, prove they were able to work, and have at least a small amount of money.
At Angel Island in San Fransisco: Immigrants were harshly questioned and quarantined in horrible conditions for long periods of time before they were accepted or rejected.
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